TITLE: Postfix + procmail + fetchmail
LFS VERSION: 3.1 + lfsbootscript-1.0
AUTHOR: Michenaud Laurent <lmichenaud@free.fr>
SYNOPSIS:
How to set up postfix - procmail - fetchmail
HINT:
This hint explains how to set up a mail server on your lfs
using postfix, procmail and fetchmail.
Requirements :
- a dns server => see the bind hint or the djbdns hint.
- Berkerley DB
Optional :
- a working fcron => see the fcrontab hint
I - PROCMAIL
============
download here : http://www.procmail.org/procmail-3.22.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf procmail-3.21.tar.gz
$ cd procmail-3.21
$ make BASENAME=/usr install
II - POSTFIX
============
1) Installation
---------------
download here : ftp://ftp.porcupine.org/mirrors/postfix-release/official/postfix-1.1.0.tar.gz
a) Compilation
If db.h is not in /usr/include
or in /usr/include/db, make will failed.
To correct, edit makedefs, search for "db.h" and change the paths.
or use following commands :
sed 's|/usr/include/db.h|/path/to/db.h|' \
makedefs > makedefs~ &&
mv makedefs~ makedefs
Then,
$ make
b) create a postfix user and the postfix group
In /etc/passwd, add :
postfix:x:101:101::/dev/null:/bin/false
In /etc/group, add :
postfix:x:101:
postdrop:x:102:
d) Modify /var/mail
/var/mail is owned by root on a standard lfs so
postfix can't create files inside it.
Change like this :
$ chown postfix.postfix /var/mail
e) Finish Install
# if new fresh install
$ make install
# or, if upgrade
$ make upgrade
if u choose make install, it will ask u about
the different directory u want to use.
Recommended :
install_root : /
temp_dir : /tmp
config_directory : /etc/postfix
daemon_directory : /usr/libexec/postfix
command_directory: /usr/sbin
queue_directory: /var/spool/postfix
sendmail_path: /usr/sbin/sendmail
newaliases_path: /usr/bin/newaliases
mailq_path: /usr/bin/mailq
mail_owner: postfix
setgid_group: postdrop
manpage_directory: /usr/share/man
readme_directory: [no]
Then, you have to run :
/etc/postfix/post-install create-missing
If it cannot find postconf, that's because this script redefines $PATH.
Edit it to make it working.
$ /etc/postfix/post-install
At last, you can copy the html documentation
$ cp -rf html /usr/doc/postfix
With this new postfix version, i had to edit the
/etc/postfix/master.cf to make postfix working.
I've changed the following :
set pickup to unpriv
set flush and cleanup to private
I have the feeling it is not the good solution
but it works. Need help for this point.
2) The main configuration file : /etc/postfix/main.cf
-----------------------------------------------------
# Begin of file
# Directories information
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
mail_spool_directory = /var/mail
command_directory = /usr/sbin
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
# Owner of processus
mail_owner = postfix
default_privs = nobody
# Hostname
myhostname = zarba.zerezo.org
# Domain
mydomain = zerezo.org
# Which address to use to send mail
myorigin = $mydomain
# domain list from which the machine considers itself
# as the destination of the messages
mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, $mydomain, mail.$mydomain
#inet_interfaces = all
inet_interfaces = $myhostname, localhost
# which machines should postfix trust
# possible values are class subnet host
mynetworks_style = subnet
# At the place of mynetworks_style, you can use :
# mynetworks = 192.168.0.0, 127.0.0.1
# Which ISP to use to deliver the non local mail
relayhost = [smtp.laposte.net]
# Which protocol to use for local mail
default_transport = smtp
# Allow to postfix to know which address are local
# and which are external
transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport
# Alias file to change local address into valid external mail
sender_canonical_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sender_canonical
recipient_canonical_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/recipient_canonical
# Aliases
alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
# Reject unknown users
local_recipient_maps = $alias_maps unix:passwd.byname
# Which program to use to deliver mail
mailbox_command = /usr/bin/procmail
# Concurrency processes
local_destination_concurrency_limit = 2
default_destination_concurrency_limit = 5
# Debug
debug_peer_level = 1
debugger_command =
PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin
xxgdb $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5
# Minimum free space on disk to accept the mail
queue_minfree = 5000000
# maximum size of a mail
message_size_limit = 10000000
# Send a copy of error message to the postmaster
notify_classes = resource,software,bounce,delay,policy
# Pause in seconds to do when the message arrival
# rate exceeds the message delivery rate
in_flow_delay = 1
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail
newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases
mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq
setgid_group = postdrop
manpage_directory = /usr/share/man
sample_directory = /etc/postfix/sample
readme_directory = no
# End of file
3) alias configuration : /etc/postfix/aliases
---------------------------------------------
It allows you to redirect the mails of a user
to another user or severals users.
Edit /etc/postfix/aliases
Example :
root: zarba:
webmaster: zarba:
familly: zarba, dad, mum, karine
Then, run to update the database file :
$ newaliases
4) /etc/postfix/recipient_canonical
-----------------------------------
This allow to transform external addresses into
internal addresses.
edit /etc/postfix/recipient_canonical
# begin of file
laurent.michenaud@laposte.net zarba
karine.michenaud@laposte.net karine
laurent.michenaud@wanadoo.fr zarba
# end of file
Then, update the database file :
$ postmap /etc/postfix/recipient_canonical
5) /etc/postfix/sender_canonical
--------------------------------
This allows to transform your local address
into valid external addresses.
For example, my domain zarba.zerezo.org is not
registered on internet. So, when i send external mails,
my address should be change into a valid one.
edit /etc/postfix/sender_canonical
# begin of file
root laurent.michenaud@yourfai.com
karine karine.michenaud@yourfai.com
# end of file
Then, update the database file :
$ postmap /etc/postfix/sender_canonical
6) /etc/postfix/transport
-------------------------
Postfix has to know which mails are local and
which are externals.
Example :
zarba.zerezo.org local:
localhost local:
Update the database file :
postmap /etc/postfix/transport
7) Postfix administration
-------------------------
postfix start : to start the mail server
postfix stop : to stop the mail server
postfix reload : to reload the mail server
postfix check : check the configuration and the permissions
postfix flush : to send the undelivered mail
mailq : to see mails which have not been delivered
( you must be root )
8) the boot script /etc/rc.d/init.d/postfix
-------------------------------------------
# be carefull, it uses the new bootscripts-1.0 system
#!/bin/sh
source /etc/sysconfig/rc
source $rc_functions
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting the mail server..."
/usr/sbin/postfix start
evaluate_retval
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping the mail server..."
/usr/sbin/postfix stop
evaluate_retval
;;
reload)
echo -n "Reloading the mail server..."
/usr/sbin/postfix reload
evaluate_retval
;;
restart)
$0 stop
/usr/bin/sleep 1
$0 start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart}"
exit 1
;;
esac
# End of file
$ cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/rc0.d
$ ln -s ../init.d/postfix K05postfix
$ cd ../rc6.d
$ ln -s ../init.d/postfix K05postfix
$ cd ../rc3.d
$ ln -s ../init.d/postfix S45postfix
$ cd ../rc5.d
$ ln -s ../init.d/postfix S45postfix
III - FETCHMAIL
===============
download here : http://www.tuxedo.org/~esr/fetchmail/fetchmail-5.9.6.tar.gz
a) installation
# You can add --with-ssl option to ./configure if u want( OpenSSL needed ).
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-fallback=procmail --sysconfdir=/etc
$ make
$ make install
b) configuration
Edit ~/.fetchmailrc and add your mail accounts.
# Begin of file
set logfile /var/log/fetchmail.log
set no bouncemail
set postmaster root
poll pop.free.fr :
user "isplogin" pass "isppassword" is zarba here ;
# End of file
c) crontab
I've done a script which is run every ten minutes and
which gets my mail on my different mail account.
My script /root/bin/checkmail :
#!/bin/bash
if [ -e /var/run/ppp0.pid ]
then
/opt/network/bin/fetchmail
fi
The command in fcrontab :
$ fcrontab -u root -e
@ 10 touch /root/bin/checkmail -F
d) Alternative
I used this fetchmail configuration when i had a non permanent connexion.
Since i have hot an adsl connexion, i didnot use anymore fcrontab for fetchmail.
I let run fetchmail as a daemon.
This can be done by adding this line in the file .fetchmailrc :
set daemon 600
600 is the number of seconds between each mail check.
IV - QPOPPER
============
qpopper is a pop server. If u have a little network at home and
u want to be able to check your mail gathered by fetchmail from another
box, u have to install it.
download here :
ftp://ftp.qualcomm.com/eudora/servers/unix/popper/qpopper4.0.3.tar.gz
Installation
./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc
optional, u can add --with-openssl=/path/to/openssl
make &&
make install &&
Add a service qpopper in xinetd :
service pop3
{
socket_type = stream
protocol = tcp
wait = no
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/popper
server_args = qpopper -s
port = 110
only_from = 192.168.0.0
bind = 192.168.0.51
disable = no
}
restart xinetd.
I have restricted qpopper so it is avaible only on
my network and not on internet.
IV - Final
==========
This hint needs to be completed.
Good luck.
TODO :
Amavis integration( virus scanner )
LDAP integration